National Board of Chiropractic Examiners (NBCE) Practice Test

What type of reflex is the withdrawal reflex considered to be?

1. Deep Reflex

2. Superficial Reflex

3. Spinal Reflex

4. Corticospinal Reflex

The correct answer is: Spinal Reflex

The withdrawal reflex is classified as a spinal reflex because it involves a direct pathway through the spinal cord to produce a quick response to a painful stimulus, without the need for input from the brain. When a noxious stimulus is detected, sensory neurons send signals to the spinal cord, which then activates motor neurons that cause the affected limb to withdraw quickly from the stimulus. This reflex action serves a protective function, allowing the body to react swiftly to harmful situations, such as touching something sharp or hot. In contrast, deep reflexes typically involve more complex pathways and may require involvement from various levels of the nervous system, while superficial reflexes are responses to stimuli at the body surface that involve the activation of skin or mucous membranes. Corticospinal reflexes pertain specifically to voluntary movements controlled by pathways running from the brain’s cortex to spinal motor neurons. Thus, the interconnected processes that characterize the withdrawal reflex make it distinctly a spinal reflex, emphasizing its rapid protective responses mediated at the spinal cord level.